IMAGE  EVALUATION 
TEST  TARGET  (MT-3) 


1.0     ^^t^ 

u  UA   '""" 


Kiotographic 

Sciences 

Corporation 


\ 


«^ 


^% 


^^.  ^A  ^<\ 


23  WEST  MAIN  STREET 

WEBSTER,  N.Y.  MSSO 

( 716  )B7r 4503 


"9) 


CIHM/ICMH 

Microfiche 

Series. 


CIHM/ICIVIH 
Collection  de 
microfiches. 


Canadian  tnstitute  for  Historical  iVIicroreproductions  /  Institut  Canadian  de  microraproductions  historiques 


^v 


Tachnical  and  Bibliographic  Notas/Notas  tachniquaa  at  bibliographiquaa 


Tha  Instituta  has  attamptad  to  obtain  tha  bast 
original  copy  availabia  for  filming.  Faaturas  of  this 
copy  which  may  ba  bibliographically  uniqua, 
which  may  altar  any  of  tha  imagas  in  tha 
raproduction,  or  which  may  significantly  changa 
tha  usual  mathod  of  filming,  ara  chackad  balow. 


n 


D 


D 


D 
D 


D 


D 


Coloured  covars/ 
Couvartura  da  coulaur 


r~~|   Covars  damagad/ 


Couvartura  andommagia 


Covars  rastorad  and/or  laminatad/ 
Couvartura  rastaurte  at/ou  pallicuMa 


r~n    Covar  titia  missing/ 


La  titra  da  couvartura  manqua 


I      I   Coiourad  maps/ 


Cartas  g6ographiquas  9n  coulaur 


Coiourad  ink  (i.a.  othar  than  blua  or  black)/ 
Encra  da  coulaur  (i.a.  autra  qua  blaua  ou  noira) 


I     I   Coiourad  platas  and/or  illustrations/ 


Planchas  at/ou  illustrations  an  coulaur 


Bound  with  othar  material/ 
RaliA  avac  d'autras  documents 


Tight  binding  may  cause  shadows  or  distortion 
along  interior  margin/ 

La  re  liura  sarrie  paut  causer  de  I'ombre  ou  de  la 
distortion  la  long  de  la  marge  intArieure 

Blank  leaves  added  during  restoration  may 
appear  within  tha  text.  Whenever  possible,  these 
have  been  omitted  from  filming/ 
II  se  peut  que  certaines  pages  blanches  ajouties 
lors  d'une  restauration  apparaissent  dans  la  texte. 
mais,  lorsque  cela  Atait  possible,  ces  pages  n'ont 
pas  it6  filmtes. 

Additional  comments:/ 
Commentairas  supplimentaires: 


This  item  is  filmed  at  tha  reduction  ratio  checked  below/ 
Ce  document  est  film*  au  taux  de  riduction  indiqu*  ci-dei 


L'Institut  a  microfilm*  la  meilleur  exempiaire 
qu'il  lui  a  ttt  possible  de  se  procurer.  Les  details 
de  cet  exempiaire  qui  sont  peut-Atre  uniques  du 
point  de  vue  bibliographique,  qui  peuvent  modifier 
une  image  reproduite.  ou  qui  peuvent  exiger  une 
modification  dans  la  mAthoda  normala  de  f ilmaga 
sont  indiquAs  ci-dessous. 


□   Coloured  pages/ 
Pagea  de  couleur 

□   Pages  damaged/ 
Pages  endommag*es 

I      I   Pages  restored  and/or  laminated/ 


D 


Th 
to 


Pages  restaurias  at/ou  pelliculAes 

Pages  discoloured,  stained  or  foxe< 
Pages  dAcolortes.  tachaties  ou  piqu^es 

Pages  detached/ 
Pages  ditachies 

Showthrough/ 
Transparence 

Quality  of  prir 

Qualiti  inAgale  de  I'impression 

Includes  supplementary  materii 
Comprend  du  mat6riel  suppi^mentaira 

Only  edition  available/ 
Seuie  Mition  disponible 


r^  Pages  discoloured,  stained  or  foxed/ 

rri  Pages  detached/ 

r~l  Showthrough/ 

|~n  Quality  of  print  varies/ 

nn  Includes  supplementary  material/ 

r~~|  Only  edition  available/ 


Pages  wholly  or  partially  obscured  by  errata 
slips,  tissues,  etc..  have  been  refilmed  to 
ensure  the  best  possible  image/ 
Les  pages  totalement  ou  partiallement 
obscurcies  par  un  feuillet  d'errata.  une  pelure. 
etc..  ont  M  fllmies  A  nouveau  de  fafon  A 
obtenir  la  meilleure  image  possible. 


Th 
po 
of 
fill 


Or 
be 
th( 
slo 
oti 
fin 
sio 
or 


Th 
sh( 
Tir 
wh 

Ma 

difi 
enl 
be] 
rigl 
req 
me 


10X 

14X 

18X 

22X 

26X 

XX 

y 

12X 

16X 

aox 

24X 

28X 

32X 

Th«  copy  filmed  h«r«  haa  baan  raproducad  thanka 
to  tha  ganaroaity  of: 

Harold  Campbtll  Vaughan  Mamorlal  Library 
Acadia  Unlveraity 

Tha  imagaa  appaaring  hara  ara  tha  baat  quality 
poaalbia  conaldaring  tha  condition  and  iagiblllty 
of  tha  original  copy  and  In  Icaaping  with  tha 
filming  contract  apaclficatlona. 


Original  copiaa  in  printad  papar  covara  ara  fllmad 
beginning  with  tha  front  covar  and  anding  on 
tha  last  paga  with  a  printad  or  llluatratad  impraa- 
sion,  or  tha  back  covar  whan  appropriata.  Ail 
othar  original  copiaa  ara  fllmad  baginning  on  tha 
firat  paga  with  a  printad  or  llluatratad  Impraa- 
aion.  and  anding  on  tha  laat  paga  with  a  printad 
or  iiluotratad  impraasion. 


Tha  last  racordad  frama  on  aach  microficha 
ahall  contain  tha  symbol  — ►  (moaning  "CON- 
TINUED"), or  tha  symbol  V  (moaning  "END"), 
whichavar  applias. 

Maps,  platas,  charta,  ate,  may  ba  fllmad  at 
diffarant  raduction  ratios.  Thosa  too  larga  to  ba 
antiraiy  includad  In  ona  axpoaura  ara  fllmad 
baginning  in  tha  uppar  laft  hand  cornar,  laft  to 
right  and  top  to  bottom,  aa  many  framas  as 
raquirad.  Tha  following  diagrama  illuatrata  tha 
mathod: 


L'axamplaira  film*  fut  raproduit  grlca  A  ia 
gAnAroait*  da: 

Harold  Campbell  Vaughan  Mamorial  Library 
Acadia  Univanlty 

Las  Imagas  auhrantaa  ont  itit  raprodultaa  avae  la 
plus  grand  aoin,  compta  tanu  da  la  condition  at 
da  la  nattat*  da  l'axamplaira  film*,  at  an 
conformM  avac  laa  conditlona  du  contrat  da 
filmaga.  ,  f 

Laa  axamplairaa  originaux  dont  la  couvartura  an 
papiar  aat  imprlmte  aont  fi!mia  an  commandant 
par  la  pramlar  plat  at  an  tarmlnant  aoit  par  la 
darnlAra  paga  qui  comporta  una  amprainta 
d'Impraaaion  ou  d'illuatratlon,  aoit  par  ia  aacond 
plat,  aaion  ia  caa.  Toua  laa  autraa  axamplairaa 
originaux  aont  filmia  an  commandant  par  la 
pramlAra  paga  qui  comporta  una  amprainta 
d'Impraaaion  ou  d'illuatratlon  at  an  tarmlnant  par 
la  darnlAra  paga  qui  comporta  una  talla 
amprainta. 

Un  daa  aymbolaa  aulvanta  apparattra  aur  la 
darnlAra  imaga  da  chaqua  microficha,  aaion  la 
caa:  la  aymbola  — »*  signlfia  "A  SUIVRE",  la 
symboia  ▼  aignifia  "FIN". 

Las  cartas,  planchaa,  tableaux,  ate,  pauvant  *tra 
fiimte  A  daa  taux  da  rMuction  diff Arcciita. 
Lorsqua  la  document  aat  trop  grand  pour  Atra 
reproduit  en  un  soul  ciichA,  11  est  film*  i  partir 
da  I'anghi  supArlaur  gauche,  do  gauche  A  drolte, 
et  de  haut  en  baa,  en  prenant  la  nombre 
d'imagea  nAcaaaaira.  Laa  diagrammea  aulvanta 
illustrent  la  mAthods. 


1  2  3 


1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

'."Vi^' 


\. 


c 


U'  t^' 


LETTER  TO  LORD  BROUGHiHH 


IN   BEHALF   OF   TH^ 


^ 


CAPTIVE  PATRIOTS. 


TO   WHICH   IS  ANNEXED 


A  LIST  OF  THEIR  NAMES. 


'■"'i,',     '■■:'\ 


BY  TH :  JEFFERSON  SUTHERLAND. 


NEW-YORK, 
1841, 


^;«tf- 


Siv'r 


ADVERTISEMENT. 

To  the  Friends  oj  the  Jimerican  Citizens  now  Prisoners  at  Van 

Diemans  Land, 

I  would  call  your  attention  to  the  fact,  that  there  are  now  more 
than  100  American  Citizens  imprisoned  by  the  British  Government 
at  Van  Diemans  Land,  on  a  charge  of  having  been  concerned  in 
the  late  revolutionary  movements  of  the  Canadas ;  and  that  they 
are  enduring  the  punishment  usually  inflicted  only  upon  the  worst 
of  common  felons.  Already  a  number  of  those  of  our  unfortunate 
fellow-citizens  have  died;  and  the  inhospitable  climate  to  which 
they  have  been  removed,  and  the  cruel  and  severe  treatment  to 
which  they  are  subjected,  weekly  reduces  their  number. 

With  a  view  to  effect  the  liberation  of  those  our  unhappy  coun* 
trymcn,  I  have  adopted  a  course  of  proceedings,  founded  upon  the 
the  experience  that  I  acquired  in  the  transaction  of  matters  which 
were  to  me  personal.  In  aid  of  these  proceedings,  I  desire  that 
the  friends  of  the  captives  will  cause  Certificates  of  Character  to 
be  drawn  up,  according  to  the  form  which  will  be  found  annexed, 
marked  A.,  and  procure  the  same  to  be  signed  by  the  Judges,  Jus* 
tices  of  the  Peace,  Sheriffs,  Members  of  Congress  and  of  the  State 
Legislature,  Ministers  of  religious  Societies,  Lawyers,  Physicians 
and  Merchants,  residing  in  the  neighborhoods  where  any  of  the 
captive  persons  were  known,  with  the  addition  of  their  several 
stations  and  professions  -,  that  they  will  then  procure  the  signatures 
to  be  attested,  with  vl  jurat  according  to  the  form  annexed,  marked 
13. ;  that  they  will  then  procure  the  certificate  of  the  cl^rk  of  the 
county,  under  his  official  seal,  that  the  Justice  of  the  Peace  before 
whom  the  affidavit  is  taken,  is  duly  in  office ;  and  then  to  cause 
the  whole  to  be  transmitted  for  me,  to  "  Mbatiy,  N.  F.,"  without 
delay. 

TH :  J.  SUTHERLAND. 
New-York,  May  6,  1841. 


) 


f) 


.• 


t- 


Floy 


.•  I 


LETTER  TO  LORD  BROUGHAM. 


1- 


t 


• 


To  THE  Right  Honorable  Lord  Brougham,  a  Peer  of 
the  Realm  of  Great  Britain. 

My  Lord — I  am  wholly  unable  to  determine  what 
apology  I  ought  to  make  for  the  liberty  I  have  taken  in 
addressing  your  Lordship  with  this  communication.  In- 
deed, I  know  not  that  I  have  any  apology  to  give,  save 
the  motive  with  which  the  communication  is  made  ;  and 
upon  this,  alone,  I  have  founded  the  hope  that  your  Lord- 
ship may  be  induced  to  take  into  consideration — and  to 
act  upon  the  matters  herein  presented. 

It  is  due  to  frankness,  my  Lord,  as  I  think,  that  I  should 
state,  before  proceeding  further  with  this  my  communi- 
cation, that  I  was,  myself,  among  the  number  of  those 
American  citizens,  who,  in  1S37  and  1838,  took  a  part 
with  the  inhabitants  forming  a  revolutionary  party  in  the 
Canadas ;  and  that  with  the  Revolutionists  of  tho^°  Pro- 
vinces, in  the  capacity  of  a  military  officer,  I  assisted  in 
the  effort  which  was  then  made  to  subvert  the  authority 
established  therein  by  Her  Majesty's  Government.  My 
reasons  for  having  been  concerned  in  those  operations 
will  be  found  in  what  I  am  now  about  to  offer  in  behalf 
of  a  number  of  my  fellow-citizens,  who,  like  myself,  were 
concerned  in  those  revolutionary  movements  of  the  Cana- 
das ;  and  who,  having  been  taken  in  arms  by  Her  Ma- 
jesty's military  forces,  have  been  transported  to  Van  Die- 
mans  Land,  one  of  the  penal  Colonies  of  Great  Britain, 
and  there  reduced  to  the  condition  of  common  felons ;  as 
well  as  in  certain  papers  and  publications  which  I  shall 
endeavor,  herewith,  to  cause  to  be  put  into  the  hands  of . 
your  Lordship. 

According  to  the  information  of  which  I  am  possessed, 
the  number  of  my  unfortunate  countrymen  who  were 
captured  during  the  late  civil  commotions  in  the  Canadas 
and  who  now  remain  in  the  hands  of  Her  Majesty's  Go- 
vernment, must  somewhat  exceed  one  hundred.  These 
men,  as  it  is  represented  on  good  authority,  have  been 
placed  in  a  convict  station,  with   thieves,  robbers,  burg- 


■>,.»■■■ 
'h 


3 //So  7 


LETTER   TO   LORD   BROUGHAM. 


lars  and  others  of  the  vilest  of  the  overflowings   of  the 
prisons  of  the  British  Empire  ;  and  that  thus  associated, 
they  are  made  to  do  penance  in  the  same  manner  as  those 
who  have  heen  convicted  of  crimes  embracing  moral  tur- 
pitude.    As  they  were  taken  in  arms  against  Her  Majes- 
ty's Government,  the  right  of  that  government  to  detain 
them  as  prisoners,  so  long  as  Her  Majes:;y  shall  please,  is 
not  to  be  disputed ;  but  I  contend,  my  Lord,  that  persons 
taken  under  the  circumstances  that  my  countrymen  were 
captured,  cannot,  in  justice,  be  regarded  as  felons — and 
that  the  reducing  of  them  to  the  condition  of  such — and 
the  making  them  the  companions  of  foot  pads  and  house 
breakers,  is  not  only  a  violation  of  rules  adopted  and  pur- 
sued by  the  people  of  the  most  enlightened   nations,  but 
that  it  is  an  uncalled  for  severity  and  a  cruelty  unnecessary 
to  the  case  ;  and  tending  to  defeat  the  very  object  for 
A\ihich  punishments  are  declared  by  the  laws  of  the  Bri- 
tish nation.     Her  Majesty's   Government  may  call  them 
pirates  and  robbers,  and  condemn  them  to  the  punishment 
of  felors,  but  those,  my  unfortunate  fellow  citizens  can  ne- 
ver be  made  to  regard  themselves  as  such.     They  had 
acted  only  from  motives  of  giving  a  generous  assistance  to 
what  they  believed  was  a  struggle  for  liberty ;  and  while 
they  are  loaded  with  chains  and  incarcerated  in  dungeons, 
they  will  esteem  themselves  martyrs  to  the  cause  of  free- 
dom.   I  am,  also,  my  Lord,  from  information,  induced  to 
believe  that  those  men  have  been  condemned  upon  pro- 
ceedings which  would  in  no  manner  bear  a  legal  scrutiny. 
We  had  had  it  presented  to  us  from  the  pages  of  the 
history  of  our  own  country,  that  when  the  Canadas  were 
wrested  from  the   French  nation,  they  were  rather  con- 
quests to  the  people  of  the  American  Colonies,  (now  the 
United    States,)  than  to  the   British  Government ;   and, 
therefore,  when   we   had  reflected  that  it  was  our  fore- 
fathers who   mainly   contributed  to  make   the  Canadas 
— what    our   territories    were    then — British    Colonies, 
we  could  not  deem  it  wrong  to  give   the  people  of  those 
colonies  assistance  in  an  attempt  to  make  their  country 
what  ours  is  now — Free  and  Independent  States  ! 

We  had  lately  beheld  the  whole  American  people  vie- 
ing  with  each  other  to  do   honor  to  the  persons,  and  to 


to 


1 


LETTER   TO   LORD   BROUGHAM.  § 

glorify  the  names  of  those  illustrious  foreigners  who 
came  to  this  country  and  embarked  with  our  forefa- 
thers  in  their  early  and  hazardous  struggle  for  liberty  and 
independence  ;  and  we  had  seen  monuments  to  comme- 
morate their  services  in  the  cause  of  our  forefathers,  put 
up  at  the  expense  of  our  government ;  which  was  to  us 
a  prompting  of  a  desire  to  earn  the  same  honors  for  our- 
selves. 

However,  my  Lord,  this  was  not  enough  to  induce  the 
action  of  myself,  or  of  any  of  my  unfortunate  fellow-citi- 
zens. Nor  were  we  moved  to  interfere  with  the  political 
affairs  of  the  Canadas,  until  we  had  beheld  a  civil  com- 
motion begun  and  in  full  operation  in  those  Provinces  ; 
and  our  services  had  been  solicited  by  men  on  whom  the 
people  of  the  Canadas  had  ccr  ferret  the  highest  honors 
within  their  gift. 

Nor  until  we  had  beheld  that  the  Government  estab- 
lished therein  by  Her  Majesty,  had  failed  to  give  security 
to  life  and  property,  (the  only  legitimate  purpose  of  Go- 
vernment,) and  that  robbery,  arson  and  murder  was  being 
perpetrated  in  every  section  of  the  Provinces,  with  bold- 
ness and  impunity. 

Nor  until  we  had  beheld  large  numbers  of  women  and 
children,  who  had  been  driven  from  their  homes  in  the 
Canadas,  by  the  violence  of  the  soldiery  employed  there- 
in by  Her  Majesty's  Government,  thrown  destitute  upon 
our  borders,  appealing  to  our  sympathies  for  the  bread  of 
existence. 

Nor  until  we  had  beheld  a  large  foreign  army  landed 
in  the  Canadas,  and  marched  through  their  territories, 
not  to  defend  the  people  from  the  aggressions  of  foreign 
enemies,  but  to  subject  them  to  political  slavery. 

Yet,  when  all  these  matters  had  passed  before  our  eyes ; 
and  when  we  had  listened  to  the  tales  of  wrongs  and 
grievances  which  were  related  to  us  by  all  of  the  vast 
number  of  people  who  had  come  among  us  from  the 
Canadas,  and  which  we  believed,  because  they  were  simi- 
lar to  those  tales  we  had  heard  from  our  forefathers,  who 
had  themselves  been  British  Colonists ;  and  when  we 
had  been  made  to  believe  that  the  people  of  the  Canadas 
were  about  to  make  a  hearty  struggle  for  liberty,  we  were 

1* 


LETTER   TO   LORD    BROUGHAM. 


not  even  then  prepared  to  embark  in  those  movements, 
so  unfortunate  to  us  all,  (for  I  too,  my  Lord,  have  been  a 
prisoner  in  the  hands  of  Her  Majesty's  Government  for 
many  dreary  months,)  until  public  meetings  of  our  citi- 
zens  had  been  held  along  the  whole  borders  from  Maine 
to  Michigan ;  at  which  meetings  clergymen,  members  of 
congress  and  of  the  state  legislatures,  judges,  justices  of 
the  peace,  lawyers,  physicians,  and  others  of  the  most  re- 
spectable of  our  citizens  presided  as  officers ;  and  the 
most  eloquent  of  our  countrymen  were  speakers — who  in 
their  addresses,  declared  the  struggle  of  the  Canadians, 
"  not  alone  the  cause  of  the  people  of  those  Provinces — 
but  ours — of  free  government — and  of  all  mankind. 
The  cause  of  true  religion  and  of  God !"  and  they  bade 
us  "  go  to  the  aid  of  the  Canadians  ;  to  go  by  ones — by 
twos — and  by  threes';"  and  they  proclaimed  it  "  to  he  a 
cause  glorious^  even  to  fail  in ;"  while  our  people  put 
their  hands  to  their  pockets  to  furnish  the  means ;  and 
having  given  arms  to  numbers  of  the  young  and  chival- 
rous of  our  country,  them  they  sent  off  to  fight  in  the 
cause  of  political  freedom.  Therefore,  if  we  were  guilty 
of  wrong,  it  was  equally  the  wrong  of  those  who  sent  us  ; 
and  if  we  have  offended,  it  was  no  more  our  offence  than 
that  of  the  whole  American  people. 

But  as  it  must  be  known  to  your  Lordship,  in  this  the 
people  of  the  United  States  did  no  more  than  has  been 
done  by  British  subjects  in  almost  every  country  on 
the  face  of  the  earth,  where  there  has  been  presented  the 
same  state  of  political  affairs  which  existed  in  the  Cana- 
das  in  1837  and  1838. 

All  that  we  had  proposed  in  aid  of  the  people  of  the 
Canadas  we  had  seen  given  by  British  subjects  in  aid  of 
the  people  of  all  of  the  revolted  colonies  of  Spain  in 
South  America  :  By  British  subjects  in  aid  of  the  people 
of  a  revolted  colony  of  Portugal,  on  the  same  continent. 

All  that  we  had  offered  in  support  of  the  revolutiona- 
ry movements  of  Canada,  we  had  seen  given  by  the  Bri- 
tish subjects  in  aid  of  a  revolution  in  Spain  :  By  British 
subjects  in  aid  of  a  revolution  in  Portugal ;  and  by  Bri- 
tish subjects  in  aid  of  a  revolution  in  Circassia. 

All  that  we  had  aimed   to   effect  in  the  Canadas,  we 


t 


LETTER    TO   LORD   BROUGHAM. 


Cana- 


V 


had  seen  effected  by  British  subjects  in  carrying  out  a  re- 
volution in  Greece :  By  British  subjects  in  carr)  ing  out  a 
revolution  in  Portugal. 

Then,  if  we  may  put  confidence  in  the  public  accounts 
of  the  day,  as  often  as  any  of  the  British  subjects  who 
have  been  engaged  in  revolutionary  movements  of  other 
countries  have  been  captured  by  their  adversaries,  Her 
Majesty's  Government  have  sent  commissioners  to  inter- 
cede for  them  and  to  prevent  their  being  subjected  to 
punishment ;  and  in  many  instances  their  liberation  has 
been  demanded  in  the  name  of  the  power  of  the  British 
nation. 

In  view  of  all  these  matters,  my  Lord,  it  is  an  opinion 
adopted  by  a  large  majority  of  the  people  of  the  United 
States,  that  Her  Majesty's  Government  have  no  justifica- 
tion for  the  treatment  bestowed  upon  our  fellow  citizens 
now  prisoners  in  their  hands.  Indeed,  my  Lord,  we  must 
regard  the  course  of  the  French  people  adopted  on  a  re- 
cent occasion  as  a  rebuke  to  Her  Majesty's  government  for 
their  conduct  in  this  matter ;  inasmuch,  as  that  when 
within  a  very  recent  date,  an  expedition  having  been  fit- 
ted out  in  London  and  embarked  on  board  a  British  ves- 
sel, sailed  direct  from  thence  for  the  coast  of  France, 
where  the  expedition  was  landed  and  an  attempt  made 
by  it  to  effect  a  political  revolution  in  that  country; 
and  when  the  expedition  had  failed  entirely,  and  every 
person  belonging  to  it  was  either  killed  or  taken  prisoner ; 
yet  not  an  individual  who  fell  into  the  hands  of  the 
French  Government,  of  that  expedition,  ns  prisoners,  was 
condemned  as  a  felon  ;  but  each  and  every  one  of  them 
taken,  has  been  detained  as  political  prisoners. 

It  is  difficult,  my  Lord,  to  suppose  a  government  like 
that  of  Her  Majesty's,  could  entertain  vindictive  feelings 
towards  any  individuals  whom  they  have  in  custody  as 
prisoners ;  and  the  more  especially  towards  those  who 
are  known  to  possess  no  political  influence  whatever ;  and 
who  in  the  matters  in  which  they  have  been  implicated, 
were  but  subordinates  and  of  the  rank  and  file.  Then, 
can  it  be  for  the  honor,  or  in  any  manner  accrue  to  the 
benefit  of  the  British  nation  longer  to  detain  in  the  condi- 
tion of  common  felons  the  American  citizens  whom  Her 


e 


LETTER   TO    LORD    BROUGHAM. 


N- 


Majesty's  Government  have  sent  to  Van  Diemans  Land  ? 
If  it  can,  I  believe  tiie  world  will  be  unable  to  discover 
wherein. 

All  civil  commotion  in  the  Canadas  is  declared  to  be  at 
an  end ;  and  it  has  been  proclaimed  by  the  Qovernor 
General  of  those  Provinces,  that  he  no  longer  fears  a  re* 
newal  of  the  frontier  disturbances ;  and  the  military  pow- 
er  of  Her  Majesty's  Government  is  now  so  well  establish* 
ed  in  the  Canadas,  that  it  is  not  remaining  with  the 
things  possible  that  the  people  of  those  Provinces  should 
be  found  able,  however  much  inclined,  to  make  the  first 
step  towards  a  change  of  their  political  institutions  by  an 
appeal  to  arms,  unless  assisted  by  the  Government  of 
some  powerful  nation,  having  the  resources  necessary  to 
oreranize  and  sustain  large  naval  and  military  forces. 

For  a  long  series  of  years  previous  to  the  breaking  out 
of  the  civil  commotions  in  the  Canadas  in  1837,  there  had 
subsisted  the  most  amicable  relations  between  the  citizens 
of  the  United  States  and  the  people  of  those  Provinces ; 
and  it  is  now  not  less  for  the  interest  of  the  people  of 
those  Provinces,  than  that  of  the  citizens  of  the  United 
States,  that  all  causes  for  recollecting  the  part  each  may 
have  taken  in  those  civil  commotions,  should  be  effaced. 

It  might  be  asked,  my  Lord,  why  it  is  left  for  private 
citizens  to  interfere  for  the  release  of  our  countrymen, 
now  prisoners  in  the  hands  of  the  British  Government ; 
and  why  their  liberation  has  not  been  asked  for  by  the 
Government  of  the  United  States  ?     But,  to  this  sup* 

ftosed  inquiry,  I  answer,  that  while  our  institutions  and 
aws  leave  the  individual  citizen  free  to  go  from  the 
country  and  unite  himself  in  arms  with  any  people  to 
whom  his  likes  or  interests  may  direct  him ;  and  with  them 
carry  on  war  against  any  other  nation  or  people,  they  per* 
emptorily  prohibit  those  administering  our  Government 
from  recognizing  such  person  as  a  citizen  of  the  Republic, 
or  of  interfering  in  their  behalf,  whenever  they  may  be- 
come prisoners  in  the  hands  of  their  adversaries.  Con- 
sequently, no  application  for  the  liberation  of  my  unfor- 
tunate countrymen  can  be  expected  to  come  from  the 
Government  of  the  United  States.  It  is  only  by  private 
citizens  of  this  country,   united  with  the  benevolent  of 


'  IPV 


LETTER   TO    LORD    BROUGHAM. 


be  at 


1 


Great  Britain,  that  any  application  may  be  made  in  their 
behalf. 

I  would  also  suggest  to  your  Lordship,  that  the  further 
detention  of  my  unfortunate  countrymen  not  only  seems 
to  work  a  hardship  and  a  wrong  to  the  individuals,  but 
from  the  existence  of  their  extensive  family  connexions, 
which  are  scattered  along  our  whole  frontier;  and  the 
deep  sympathy  which  is  felt  for  them  by  a  great  majority 
of  the  American  people,  I  believe  I  am  correct  when 
I  advise  your  Lordship  that  it  is  likely  to  engender  a  last- 
ing and  uncompromising  hatred  between  the  people  on 
the  ditferent  sides  of  the  frontier  lines ;  and  to  create  with 
the  people  within  our  borders,  a  spirit  of  retaliation, 
which  in  case  of  a  war  between  the  United  States  and 
Great  Britain,  would  be  the  foundation  for  unnecessary 
bloodshed  and  the  exercise  of  the  severest  cruelties  ;  and 
for  a  return  to  the  usages  of  the  savage  people  of  a  dark- 
er age,  under  which  but  few  prisoners  are  taken — and  no 
courtesy  or  kindness  afforded  to  any.  Their  sufferings 
may,  likewise,  be  made  the  capital,  to  be  used  by  some 
reckless  aspirant  for  fame,  for  another  volunteer  military 
movement  in  behalf  of  the  liberties  of  theCanadas,  though 
such  could  only  bring  injury  to  the  Government  of  both 
countries,  and  misery  and  distress  upon  the  people. 
Therefore,  for  the  avoiding  of  these  matters,  which  all 
must  desire — and  in  behalf  of  the  American  citizens  now 
prisoners  in  the  hands  of  Her  Majesty's  Government,  I 
request  that  your  Lordship  will  be  pleased  to  take  an  early 
occasion  to  bring  their  case  again  to  the  consideration  of 
Her  Majesty's  Ministry,  so  that  they  may  be  liberated 
and  permitted  to  return  to  their  country  and  friends  :  or 
that  they  may  be,  at  least,  relieved  from  their  present  in- 
tolerable condition. 

With  the  highest  consideration  for  your  Lordship, 
I  am,  my  Lord, 

Your  Lordship's  obedient  and  humble  servant. 

TH :  J.  SUTHERLAND. 

New-Yoek,  January  1,  1841. 


CAPTIVE  PATRIOTS, 

NOW  IMPRISONED  AT  VAN  DIEMANS  LAND. 

A  LIST    OF  THE  NAMES    OF  THE  AMERICAN  CITIZENS  TAKEN  AT 
WINDMILL  POINT,  NEAR  PRESCOT,  IN  UPPER  CANADA. 

From  Jefferson  County,  N.Y. 


NAMES. 

RESIDENCE. 

NAMES. 

RESIDENCE. 

John  Bradley, 

Watertown, 

Danitl  D.  Hustis, 

Watertown, 

Orlin  Blodget, 

Philadelphia, 

Gari  et  Hicks, 

Alexandria, 

Chauncey  Bugby, 

Lyme, 

David  House, 

« 

Geo.  T.  Brown, 

Le  Ray, 

James  Inglish, 

Adams, 

Richard  Bell, 

Antwerp, 

Andrew  Leepcr, 

Antwerp, 

Nelson  Colton, 

Orleans, 

Joseph  Lafort, 

Lyme, 

Lysander  Curtis, 

Lyme, 

Daniel  Liscome, 

Charmont, 

Robert  G.  Collins, 

« 

Andrew  Moore, 

Adams, 

John  Cronkhite, 

Le  Ray, 

Foster  Martin^ 

Antwerp, 

Moses  A.  Dutcher 

,  Brownville, 

Ira  Polly, 

Lyme, 

Luther  Darby, 

Watertown, 

William  Reynolds, 

Orleans, 

Aaron  Dresser, 

Alexandria, 

Orin  W.  Smith, 

(( 

Leonard  Delano, 

Watertown, 

John  G.  Swanburgh 

,  Alexandria, 

Elon  Fellows, 

Dexter, 

Henry  Shew, 

Philadelphia, 

Emanuel  Garrison 

,  Brownville, 

Thomas  Stockton, 

Rutland, 

John  Gilman, 

« 

Riley  Whitney, 

Lyme. 

William  Gates, 

Lyme, 

From  Oswego  County,  N.  Y. 

David  Alleit, 

Volney, 

Jehiel  H.  Martin, 

Oswego, 

John  Berry, 

Oswego, 

Alanson  Owens, 

Palermo, 

Joseph  Lee, 

Palermo, 

Samuel  Washburn, 

Oswego. 

From  St.  Lavn 

"ence  Co.  N.  Y. 

John  Holmes, 

Madrid, 

Edward  A.  Wilson, 

Ogdensburgh, 

John  Monisette, 

Ogdensburgh, 

Jacob  Herald, 

« 

John  Thomas, 

Madrid, 

1 

From  Onondag 

a  County,  N.  Y. 

Philip  Algire, 

Salina, 

Calvin  Matthews, 

Lysander, 

Hugh  Calhoun, 

li 

Chauncey  Matthews,  Salina, 

Michael  Fryer, 

Clay, 

Jacob  Paddock, 

u 

G.  A.  Goodrich, 

Salina, 

Hiram  Sharpe, 

(( 

Nelson  G.  Griggs, 

« 

Nathan  Whiting, 

Liverpool, 

Hiram  Loop, 

Liverpool, 

Jerry  C.  Griggs, 

Salina. 

From  Erie  Co.  N.  Y. 

From  Lewis  Co.  N.  Y. 

Asa  M.  Richardson,  Buffalo. 

Stephen  S.  Wright, 

Denmark. 

From  Cayui 

fo  Co.  N.  Y. 

Thomas  Baker, 

Hannibal, 

Patrick  White, 

Auburn. 

Benj.  Woodbury, 

Auburn, 

From  Herkimer  Co.  N.  Y. 

From  Oneida  Co.  N.  Y. 

William  Goodrich 

,    Norway. 

James  Pierce, 

Marshall. 

i 


I 


0 


CAPTIVE   PATRIOTS. 


11 


From  Warren  Co.  N.  Y. 


Residence  not  known. 


Cleveland, 


it 
ti 
it 


Solomoa  Reynolds,  Queensbury.  Joseph  Stewart. 
A  LIST  OF  THE    NAMES  OF  THE  AMERICAN  CITIZENS  TAKEN  AT 
OR  NEAR  WINDSOR,  IN  UPPER  CANADA. 
From  Cuyahoga  Co.  Ohio. 
James  P.  Williams,  Cleveland,    James  Williams, 
Samuel  Snow,  Strongville,  Charles  Reed, 

Simeon  Goodrich,       Cleveland,    Robert  Whitney, 
Robert  Marsh,  "  Oliver  Crandall, 

David  Day,  «'  (John  L.  Guttridge, 

From  Wood  Co.  Ohio. 

Mitchell  Monroe,  Toledo. 

From  Lorain  Co.  Ohio. 

Allen  B.  Sweet,  [John  Sprague. 

William  Nottage,  | 

From  Wayne  Co.  Michigan. 
Daniel  Anthony,  Detroit. 

From  Washtenaw  Co.  Michigan. 

Hiram  Barnham,        Ypsilanti,  |  James  D.  Few, 

From  Erie  Co  N.  Y. 


Ypsilanti. 


John  Simons, 
Joseph  Horton, 


Buffalo, 


Ezra  Horton, 


Buffalo. 


From  Madison  Co,  N.  Y. 

Eleazur    Stevens,    Lebanon. 

From  Niagara  Co.  N.  Y. 

John  W.  Simmons,  Lockport,     |  Truman  Woodbury,  Lock  port. 

From  Monroe  Co.  N.  Y. 

John  C.  Williams,  Rochester. 

Residence  not  known. 


John  W.  Brown, 
John  B.  Turrell, 
Horace  Cooley, 
William  Montague* 
Samuel  Hilkey, 


Elijah  Woodbury, 
James  Achason, 
Joseph  Stewart, 
John  S.  Maybee, 
Henry  G.  Barnum. 


LIST  OF    THE  NAMES  OF  THE  AMERICAN   CITIZENS  TAKEN  AT 

SHORT    HILLS,  IN    UPPER  CANADA. 

From  Chautauque  Co.  N.  Y, 

Linus  Wilson  Miller. 

Residence  not  known. 


Erastus  Warner, 
Samuel  Chandler, 
Benjamin  Waite, 
Geo.  B.  Cooley, 

^  Of  the  American  citizens  captured  in  Lower  Canada,  no  list 
of  names  has  been  obtained. 


Norman  Mallory, 

John  Vernon, 

James  Van  Waggoner. 


\ 


;*  .  * 


% 


(A.)  FORM  OF  CERTIFICATE. 

— — County,  State  of  New-York, 

May  — ,  1841. 

This  writing  is  to  certify  to  the  Government  of  Great 

and  to  the  Members  of  the  Imperial  Parliament,  that  we 

dersigned,  citizens  and  inhabitants  of  the  town  of 


Britain, 

the  un- 

in  the 


county  and  state  above  written,  have  been  for  many  years  acquaint-       u, 


ed  with 


who  was  lately  a  resident  of  this  town, 


but  who  we  now  understand  to  be  a  prisoner  in  the  hands  of  the 
British  Government,  at  Van  Diemans  Land,  charged  with  having 
been  concerned  in  the  late  revolutionary  movements  of  the  Cana- 
das ;  and  that  he  was  well  known  to  us  at  the  time  he  left  this 
place  to  embark  himself  in  the  said  revolutionary  movements 
— and  that  we  know  him  to  have  been  induced  to  such  course 
by  the  influence  and  persuasion  of  others  rathei  than  from  the 
promptings  of  his  own  mind. 

We,  also,  do  further  certify  and  state,   that  the  said 

,  at  the  time  he  left  this  town  to  embark  in  said  revolution- 
ary movements  of  the  Canadas,  (which  was  in  the  month  of , 

1838,)  was  regarded  and  accepted  by  all  to  whom  he  was  known, 
as  an  honest  and  industrious  mechanic  [or  whatever  occupation  of 
which  the  captive  may  have  been]  and  worthy  citizen ;  and  that 
if  he  should  be  released  and  permitted  to  return  to  his  country  and 
friends,  it  would  be  a  source  of  gratification  to  those  who  were  op- 
posed to  the  course  which  has  resulted  in  his  imprisonment,  as  well 

as  to  others.  A.  B , 

Minister  of  the  Baptist  Church  at . 

C.  D ,  Judge  of  County  Courts. 


(B.)  FORM  OF  JURAT. 


State  of  New- York,  > 

County,     J 

On  this  — th  day  of 

undersigned,   one   of 


-,  1841,  personally  came  before  me  the 
the  Justices   of  the  Peace   of  the  county 

and  stale  above  written, ,  to  me  well  known  as  a  good 

and  respectable  citizen  of  said  county,  and  whose  name  is  to  the 
bottom  of  the  annexed  certificate  subscribed,  and  made  oath  that  he 
saw  the  persons  whose  signatures  are  attached  to  said  certificate, 
subscribe  the  same,  with  a  full  knowledge  of  its  import  according 
to  the  letter  thereof;  and  that  the  persons  who  have  subscribed  the 
said  certificate  are  the  individuals  whom  the  several  names  desig- 
nate ;  and  that  they  severally  hold  the  stations  and  professions  to 


their  names  added. 


E.  H- 


.;^£-- 


